Two Unpublished Figurines of Women Purifying themselves in the Greco-Roman Museum of Alexandria

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلف

Assistant Professor, Department of Greek and Roman Archaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt أستاذ مساعد، قسم الآثار اليونانية والرومانية، کلية الآثار، جامعة عين شمس، القاهرة، مصر

المستخلص

The Greco-Roman Museum of Alexandria has two female figurines, unpublished. According to the register of the museum, they came from Fayyum, are made in alluvial Nile silt clay, reddish-brown color, and fabricated by using two moulds, one for the front side and the other for the backside. These figurines seem similar; each one represents a sitting naked woman, holding a pot. But there are some differences between them in the details. It is possible that each woman is purifying herself. The pot which women hold is associated with baths and purification. This article publishes these two figurines with a descriptive and analytical study, in addition to a discussion of women’s purification in inscriptions and papyri documents of the Ptolemaic and Roman periods. The research also tries to identify these women; were these women associated with a cult? Or particular gods? Was purification necessary in the rituals of this worship? 
يحتوي المتحف اليوناني الروماني بالإسکندرية على قطعتين من التراکوتا لسيدتين لم تنشر بعد ووفقا للتسجيل الخاص بهما فهما من الفيوم، ومصنوعان من طينة طمي النيل البنية وصنعا عن طريق قالبين أحداهما للجزء الأمامي والأخر للجزء الخلفي. ويبدو أن القطعتان متشابهتان حيث أن کل قطعة تصور سيدة جالسة وعارية تماما، تمسک في يدها إناء. وعلي الرغم من هذا التشابه إلا أنه يوجد بعض الأختلافات في التفاصيل. ومن الممکن القول أن کل سيدة تتطهر؛ حيث ارتبط الإناء الذي تمسکه کل سيدة بالحمامات والتطهير. تهدف هذه المقالة إلى نشر تلک القطعتين من خلال دراسة وصفية وتحليلية، بالإضافة إلي التطرق لعميلة التطهير من خلال وثائق البردي والنقوش في مصر خلال العصرين البطلمي والروماني. کما يحاول البحث الإجابة علي العديد من التساؤلات في محاولة معرفة ماهية هذه السيدات؟ وهل هذه السيدات ارتبطت عبادة معينة أو آلهة معينة؟ وهل التطهير کان جزء أساسي من طقوس عبادة هذه الألهة؟.
 

الكلمات الرئيسية

المراجع

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Website:
https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/3481.
http://antiquities.bibalex.org/Collection/Detail.aspx?lang=en&a=1056.

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